Characterization in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay -- Young Goo

This essay will demonstrate the types of characters present in Nathaniel Hawthornes schoolboyish Goodman Brown, whether static or dynamic, whether flat or round, and whether protrayed through screening or telling. R. W. B. Lewis in The Return into Rime Hawthorne states there is always more to the world in which Hawthornes characters move than any one of them can discern at a glance (77). This is especially true with such flat or two-dimensional characters as are generally found in Young Goodman Brown. These type characters are built on a single idea or quality and are presented without much individualizing detail (Abrams 33). Faith, of course, represents or symbolizes the theological truth of faith Goody Cloyse, as a catechism teacher, represents goodness the unnamed fellow-traveller in the woods is symbolic of evil. Q. D. Leavis explains this symbolic use of characters The first batch of works I specified including Young Goodman Brown is essentially dramatic, its use of lang uage is poetic, and it is symbolic, and richly so, as is the dramatic poets. . . Where the symbol is the thing itself, with no separable paraphrasable meaning as in an allegory the language is directly evocative (27). The flat character Faith is not developed like her husband her dialogue is restricted to the initiation few paragraphs. She speaks only four sentences in the entire story Dearest heart, whispered she, softly and rather sadly, when her lips were close to his ear, prythee, put off your journey until sunrise, and residue in your own bed tonight. A lone woman is troubled with such dreams and such thoughts, that shes afeard of herself, sometimes. Pray, tarry with me this night, dear husb... ...ng Goodman Brown. 1835. http//www.cwrl.utexas.edu/daniel/amlit/goodman/goodmantext.html Kaul, A.N. Introduction. In Hawthorne A hookup of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966. Leavis, Q.D. Hawthorne as Poet. In Hawthorne A Coll ection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966. Lewis, R. W. B. The Return into Time Hawthorne. In Hawthorne A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966. Swisher, Clarice. Nathaniel Hawthorne a Biography. In Readings on Nathaniel Hawthorne, edited by Clarice Swisher. San Diego, CA Greenhaven Press, 1996. Wagenknecht, Edward. Nathaniel Hawthorne The Man, His Tales and Romances. New York Continuum Publishing Co., 1989.

Management Essay -- essays research papers

The Hayakawa family had a son named objective, who was diagnosed with Downs syndrome. The family wanted to keep the child but were discouraged and advised not to by doctors. They felt up differently about the situation. They felt their child lived on love, which was something they knew they could provide a great deal of. The family was not confident in the experts views because they seemed to have a deficiency of knowledge on the subject and it seemed as though they cared less then they knew about the illness.The family decided to keep mark at home with them, not institutionalized. He had the exemption to grow and the personal care that is necessary to develop in a healthy situation. The Hayakawas felt that keeping Mark home was a unplayful idea. He not only brightened their lives but their childrens lives as well. Mark could find joy in simple things, which can often reflect onto others. Mark was clear of accepting things as they were more so than most people of normal intell igence. The entire family benefited from the experience of living with Mark by learning to begin situations in stride. The family learned patience and tolerance through helping Mark get through each day. Their readiness to deal with Mark carried over into a planetary method of dealing with people. Mark made them feel special. The family benefited from not following the directions given to them by the experts. They felt as thou... Management Essay -- essays look papersThe Hayakawa family had a son named Mark, who was diagnosed with Downs syndrome. The family wanted to keep the child but were discouraged and advised not to by doctors. They felt differently about the situation. They felt their child lived on love, which was something they knew they could provide a great deal of. The family was not confident in the experts views because they seemed to have a lack of knowledge on the subject and it seemed as though they cared less then they knew about the illness.The f amily decided to keep mark at home with them, not institutionalized. He had the freedom to grow and the personal care that is necessary to develop in a healthy situation. The Hayakawas felt that keeping Mark home was a good idea. He not only brightened their lives but their childrens lives as well. Mark could find joy in simple things, which can often reflect onto others. Mark was capable of accepting things as they were more so than most people of normal intelligence. The entire family benefited from the experience of living with Mark by learning to take situations in stride. The family learned patience and tolerance through helping Mark get through each day. Their readiness to deal with Mark carried over into a general method of dealing with people. Mark made them feel special. The family benefited from not following the directions given to them by the experts. They felt as thou...

Essay on the Setting of Everyday Use :: Everyday Use essays

In the short story, Everyday apply, author Alice Walker uses ordinary objects, which are described in the story with some detail, and the reactions of the main characters to these objects, to contrast the innocent and practical with the stylish and faddish. The main characters in this story, mum and Maggie on virtuoso side, Dee on the other, each deem opposing views on the value and worth of the heterogeneous items in their lives, and the author uses this conflict to make the point that the substance of an object, and of people, is to a greater extent important than style. The main characters in this story appear to be polar opposites. Mama, the bank clerk of the story, describes herself as a large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands (paragraph 5). She does non blusher an attractive picture of herself, however she goes on to list the many things she can do. equal the items in the setting around her, she seems more interested in practicality, and slight interest ed in aesthetics. Dee, on the other hand, is defined by her finger of style, and does not seem to do anything. When her name was Dee, she hated the objects around her for their lack of beaut and style. When she became a member of the Nation of Islam and changed her name to Wangero, she saw these old items as a part of her heritage and works of art. At no time, however, did she ever have a real use for them. Examples of such items are the butter churn and dasher. The butter churn and dasher are both described in detail by Mama, which highlights their value to her. The butter churn, which had been whittled by Dees Uncle Buddy, was something that Dee wanted to take back with her, even though she only wanted to use the churn top as a centerpiece for the alcove table (paragraph 53). The bottom half, presumably, would be wasted. Dee would also think of something nice to do with the dasher (paragraph 53). Dee never seems to consider that she is taking away her mothers butter churn, a us eful item, for a trivial use. The objects that lead to the final confrontation between Dee and Mama are the old quilts. These quilts are described as being make from old material by family members, which enhances their value to Mama, and the detail with which they are described increases the sense of setting.Essay on the Setting of Everyday Use Everyday Use essays In the short story, Everyday Use, author Alice Walker uses everyday objects, which are described in the story with some detail, and the reactions of the main characters to these objects, to contrast the simple and practical with the stylish and faddish. The main characters in this story, Mama and Maggie on one side, Dee on the other, each have opposing views on the value and worth of the various items in their lives, and the author uses this conflict to make the point that the substance of an object, and of people, is more important than style. The main characters in this story appear to be polar opposites. Mama, the na rrator of the story, describes herself as a large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands (paragraph 5). She does not paint an attractive picture of herself, however she goes on to list the many things she can do. Like the items in the setting around her, she seems more interested in practicality, and less interested in aesthetics. Dee, on the other hand, is defined by her sense of style, and does not seem to do anything. When her name was Dee, she hated the objects around her for their lack of beauty and style. When she became a member of the Nation of Islam and changed her name to Wangero, she saw these old items as a part of her heritage and works of art. At no time, however, did she ever have a real use for them. Examples of such items are the butter churn and dasher. The butter churn and dasher are both described in detail by Mama, which highlights their value to her. The butter churn, which had been whittled by Dees Uncle Buddy, was something that Dee wanted to take bac k with her, even though she only wanted to use the churn top as a centerpiece for the alcove table (paragraph 53). The bottom half, presumably, would be wasted. Dee would also think of something artistic to do with the dasher (paragraph 53). Dee never seems to consider that she is taking away her mothers butter churn, a useful item, for a trivial use. The objects that lead to the final confrontation between Dee and Mama are the old quilts. These quilts are described as being made from old material by family members, which enhances their value to Mama, and the detail with which they are described increases the sense of setting.

Macbeth - Ambition :: essays research papers

Macbeths long journey towards possessing the throne travels through many high hurdles. The basic hurdle, which is a sign for further hurdles, is the murder of Duncan the king. The build-up to the killing of Duncan begins with the witches prophesying that Macbeth will be king. Macbeth wants to fulfil this prophecy due to his high ambitions. However, the prophecy is fulfilled only because brothel keeper Macbeth leads her husband through the barriers. It is Macbeths wife who causes the death of Duncan.Lady Macbeth acts as Macbeths superior while the murder of Duncan occurs. Lady Macbeth has high ambitions for her husband. She understands that Macbeth has a inclination for the throne. However, she fears that her husband would have trouble when attempting to murder Duncan and covet the throne because she regards Macbeth as full o the milk of human kindness. Since Lady Macbeth knows that her husband would never be able to perform such a task, she decides to control the procedures of th e murdering of Duncan. She demands that direst cruelty contaminate her. She congregates everything that is hatred inside her body in order to perform the evil deed of murdering Duncan. If Lady Macbeth is absent from the story, the murder of Duncan would not take place. This is so because during many parts of the story, Macbeth possesses uncertainty of whether it is righteous to take the life of such a great king in order to feed his hunger for power. Despite Macbeth doubting whether or not he should accept the murder of Duncan, he is of all time convinced by his wife that murdering Duncan is appropriate. Lady Macbeth even sees her husbands weaknesses and uses his weaknesses to harass him into killing Duncan. This can be observed when, at one stage, Macbeth criticises the topic of killing a good king and believes that the killing should not proceed, his wife forces him to kill by saying offensive words. She questions Macbeths love for her, she questions Macbeths maleness and she cr iticises Macbeths desire to be king. These three statements offend Macbeth. Because Macbeth wants to prove his manhood, his love for his wife and his desire to be king, he agrees to murder Duncan. Also, after the murder, Macbeth is worried and certain of his guilt. On the contrary, Lady Macbeth is calm about the murder. She orders Macbeth to wash this filthy guilt from his hands.

New Deal :: essays research papers

Franklin Roosevelts optimism and activism that helped restore the badly shaken confidence of the nation (pg. 467 Out of Many), was addressed in the New view, create to bring about reform to the American standard of living and its low economy. It did not only make an impact during the Great Depression. Although, many of the problems addressed in the New Deal might have been solved, those with the long lasting effect provide enough evidence to illustrate how great a success the piece of the New Deal played out in Americas history to make it what it is today.Although, the growth of business was booming and consumption was extremely spunky during the 1920s employers failed to equally distribute the benefits to its industrial workers who got the short end of the stick and did not see any profit from productivity. Since there was no law at the meter established on how many hours a person was to work and get paid, employers would overwork and underpay the laborers. This became a major problem because it brought about mellowed unemployment rates, which for laborers, the shortage of jobs meant strong competition among each other for finding and keeping a job, and low wages, which brought down consumption.Several of the policies created to specifically help the jobless during that time were, Emergency Relief Appropriations Act (1935) run by the Public Works Administration (PWA), designed for the construction of public building, roads, dams and other projects. Federal Project zero(prenominal) 1, also run by PWA, gave jobs to writers, musicians, and artist.The idea was to provide jobs and thus, stimulate the economy through increased consumer spending. (pg 469 Out of Many)The or so benefited policies created through the New Deal for employment, one, the Social Security Act (1935), provides old-aged pensions and unemployment insurance. A payroll tax on workers and their employers were created a fund from which retirees received monthly pensions after age sixty-five . (pg 470 Out of Many) Second, theme Labor Relations Act (1935), also known as the Wagner Act, gave Americans the right to form a union and bargain with their employers for better pay and working conditions. Third, and the most important one of all Fair Labor Standard Act (1938), it established a minimum wage and maximum hours for an employee.Roosevelts first place of business as President was to put a halt on the banking system. Congress passed the Emergency Bank Act, which gave him leeway to all banking transactions and foreign exchange.

New Deal :: essays research papers

Franklin Roosevelts optimism and activism that helped restore the badly shaken confidence of the nation (pg. 467 Out of Many), was turn to in the New Deal, developed to bring about reform to the American standard of living and its low economy. It did not only make an impact during the big Depression. Although, many of the problems addressed in the New Deal might have been solved, those with the long lasting effect provide enough evidence to illustrate how bang-up a success the role of the New Deal played out in Americas history to make it what it is today.Although, the growth of business was favourable and consumption was extremely high during the 1920s employers failed to equ totallyy distribute the benefits to its industrial workers who got the short end of the stick and did not see any profit from productivity. Since there was no law at the time established on how many hours a person was to work and get paid, employers would overwork and underpay the laborers. This became a study problem because it brought about high unemployment rates, which for laborers, the shortage of jobs meant strong competition among each separate for finding and keeping a job, and low wages, which brought down consumption.Several of the policies created to specifically help the jobless during that time were, Emergency Relief Appropriations Act (1935) run by the Public Works Administration (PWA), designed for the construction of public building, roads, dams and other projects. Federal Project No. 1, also run by PWA, gave jobs to writers, musicians, and artist.The idea was to provide jobs and thus, stimulate the economy through increased consumer spending. (pg 469 Out of Many)The around benefited policies created through the New Deal for employment, one, the Social Security Act (1935), provides old-aged pensions and unemployment insurance. A payroll tax on workers and their employers were created a fund from which retirees received monthly pensions later age sixty-five. (pg 4 70 Out of Many) Second, National Labor Relations Act (1935), also known as the Wagner Act, gave Americans the right to form a union and bargain with their employers for mitigate pay and working conditions. Third, and the most important one of all Fair Labor Standard Act (1938), it established a minimum wage and supreme hours for an employee.Roosevelts first order of business as President was to put a halt on the banking system. Congress passed the Emergency Bank Act, which gave him leeway to all banking transactions and foreign exchange.

Football salary Essay

Many people think that footballers are paid too much property for doing too little effort. However, this can be argues because they are people who have dedicated their entire life to this sport and therefore they should be rewarded. But in the end there is lots of people need that money to survive and get some food and clean water. The money which is given to players should be cut because what they do isnt worth all the money they get. Because the average salary of a professional football player of February 2010 was listed at about $1.8 million course of study (Mandi R Hall, www.ehow.com).There are in any case other people that have worked harder throughout their lives by working and studying. Players perform a sport where they do non save anyones life unlike doctors who study for 6 consecutive years, work for several hours, and literally save peoples lives. But the problem is even doctors they dont gut that high salary like the average in 2009 for doctors in the US was $226,00 0/ year (mdsalaries.blogspot.com). There are also other careers like police officers who devote their lives to provide a safe community.A single football player receives high add togethers of money where half of this amount could be spent on medical supplies, help have a better education, and also help many needy people. Because billing school for face The Williamstown Public School in Williamstown, Massachusetts is an old school, so they are currently building a new one. It costs $14.5 million and it will put up 650 students maximum. The Williamstown Public School is about three times bigger than Marks Meadow.Since our school is about 1/3 smaller, it would cost about 1/3 less money to build. $14.5 million divided by three equals about $4.8 million (arps.org).The players effort is insignificant and worthless contrast to the amount of they get. The reasons why they should not be paid as much as they do, are Children should be in better schools have a higher(prenominal) degree of education, people who work harder should get better salaries, the money people sent in football as a whole should be use better on investment or donations.

Advantages of Using Ict as a Tool for Teaching and Learning Process

Advantages of using ICT as a tool for teaching and learning process in higher education institution. ICT define as information and communication technology (ICT) the hardware and software that enables data to be digitally processed, stored and communicated. ICT base be used to access, process, manage, and present information vex and control events, construct new construct new understanding and communicate with other. In the context of learning process, ICT may be referred as a incumbent tool for any student who desires further learning shortly after the internet explosion of the 1990s.ICT was immediately integrated into educational field. Even though symbolized patterned advance in human knowledge was seen as a setback by many an(prenominal) educator and instructors at the university. There are many advantages of using ICT as a tool for teaching and learning. The advantages such as ICT can be used at anytime, anywhere, access to remote learning resources and it help to prepare individualist for the work place. First of all, the advantage of using ICT as a tool for teaching and learning process in higher education learning is anytime and anywhere. Dr.Ken Olson, professorship of Digital and Equipment Corporation who said he had prescribed a time when computers will weigh no more than one and a half tons. virtuoso defining feature of ICT is the capability to transcend time and space between time. ICT make possible asynchronous learning or learning characterized by a time lag. For example, internet can be accessed 24hours per day for seven days per week. ICT based educational delivery such as educational programming publicise over radio or television also dispenses with the need for all learners and instructors to be in one physical location.In addition, certain type of ICTs, such as teleconferencing technologies, enable instruction to be received simultaneously by other learner at higher learning institution. In a nutshell, we can see that using of ICT to ols in higher learning institution give many advantages. The advantages in information technology have heavily influenced especially in teaching and learning process. In 2000, most excellent student of National University of Malaysia used ICTs tool as medium to excellent were stated and published in Berita Harian newspaper.All the benefits can lead many student to excellent in their meditate and at the same time they can diverse their knowledge in their study and provide so many resources if they really want to do some research about their study. They also can communicate better with their lecturers or instructors done the web cam on their computer. Internet services provide Skype to make people easier to communicate with each other. They can ask their lecturers or instructors about so many question and clarify better about their assignment or lecture syllabus. The most important thing its a free services.

With Reference to six poems, explain how attitudes to war changed over the course of World War One

human War One, or as most historians refer to it The spacious War, was supposed to be the contendf are to end all struggles. From 1914 to 1918, young men were encourage to sign up to fight for the British army against the might of the Germans. Beca practice order of payment wasnt introduced until 1916, recruitment songs, posters and poetry were needed to encourage men to sign up. These songs and meters were specially indite using a wide variety of rhetorical devices so as to display the potential advantages that joining the army could bring.Most recruitment verse forms have subtle similarities as they argon all written for the same purpose to persuade. The briny way they do this is through the use of rhetorical devices. In the poem Whos for the game? the first three verses have rhetorical questions featuring heavily. For example, Wholl grip and tackle the business organisation unafraid and Wholl give his country a hand? This as well as occurs in worsening In with the li ne, Will you send a strangled cheer to the jactitate / and grin till your cheeks be red? These words ar examples of rhetorical devices.They make you question yourself after you have study it most whether or not you enlist. The prenomens of the two poems likewise set the t superstar of the different poems and make the reader aware of what they are slightly to read. Making sure that the title displays this is important, because you then cut what some of what is about to happen originally you have even started the first word. Whos for the game shows war as a fun, exciting prospect that men, if they signed up, would enjoy. Whereas Fall In, the other recruitment poem, has a military connotation.Fall in is a marching term that is used a lot in the army, so before you have read a word of the actual poem, you know that the rest of the poem is dismissal to have a military background, perhaps talking about how war is desire from the militarys point of view The structure of the p oems are genuinely similar, as they two have the same create verbally pattern with alternate lines rhyming played and unafraid as well as fright and tight This makes the poems catchy and therefore easier to remember.This will then cause the poem to stick in peoples heads, continuously persuading them to join the army. In the poem Fall In, the author relates personally to you with the lines Is it football still and the picture show / the pub and the betting odds These are all things that the people who the poems were read by would have done in their e realday life. This is mirrored in Whos for the game? where they mention the red crashing game of a fight this compares war to a game worry football to make it more openhearted to the readers of the poem.This targets the audience through their word choice. Crashing, is a positive adjective which makes the reader more judge of war. This also makes the poem sound more appealing and attractive to the reader. Also in Whos for the ga me? they relate to you by appealing to mens sense of bravery and chivalry in the lines Your country is up to her neck in a fight / and shes looking and calling for you There are a number of appealing factors about that line, the first being the pronoun Your this makes it sound as if you own the country and it would be a shame to let it go. and so they refer to the country as a female in the words, her neck This makes them approximate that they are strong and brave and also personifies war as a beautiful woman that they need to go and rescue. This emphasises the point even further by saying that shes looking and calling for you. The writer has made it sound like theyre talking about every single male that hasnt signed up yet. In the next section I will look at a different viewpoint of the same experience of war, from soldier poets.These poets fought in the trenches and wrote poems about what their experiences were like. The author of Peace, Rupert Brooke, was a neo-classical poet whose poems glorified war and made it sound like a glorious adventure, however he never experienced combat at first hand. He became famous because of his good looks. An Irish poet was quoted to have described him as the handsomest young man in England Arthur Graeme West, however, isnt as famous as him.This is probably because he was known to write poems attacking young soldier-poets who were writing poems idealising war like Rupert Brooke. His own personal unappeasable experience was probably his motivation to write such a scathing poem about the young poets. In Peace, the important aim of the poem is to explain to people about how great the war is and how much of an adventure it would be when you sign up to join the army. Brooke has used the sonnet structure to his advantage.In the first eight lines, the octave, he is explaining about how war could vitaln up their lives in the line, nd wakened us from sleeping, and then in the terminal six lines, the sestet, he brings the poem to a close reassuring the reader about death, Naught broken save this body, lost but breath This negotiation about how when you die your body is the only thing that is broken, and nothing is lost apart from breath, It hints at the fact that the soul of a person will live on after death. This makes the reader more accepting of death, because it says that after death you will live on. However, in GodHow I hate you, West has also used the end of the poem to hammer home his point. In the first five lines he talks about why he is writing the poem. The title itself is from when he is addressing the poets who are glorifying war. The title continues into you young cheerful men, the men being the poets. In the last part he goes into a much more minute version of war with strong adjectives like warm grey brain, and powerful similes like, smashed like an eggshell This is a good example as it likens a mans head to an eggshell which is very easy to smash.The choice of simile here suggests that human life is fragile Imagery plays a huge part in both poems. Peace is showing war in a positive way like in the line we have found release there, this import that war has cleansed them from the boring Edwardian society that they lived in before the war. God How I Hate You, in contrast shows war in the opposite way, with the gruesome wording in the latter section. Spattered all bloody, is one of the strongest phrases in the poem and it is made all the more poignant with the last two lines.These lines are almost mocking the young-soldier poets, saying that even though that the war is so ghastly, still Gods in His Heaven and all is right in the world. There are also hints at sarcasm, which is meant to make the soldier poets embarrassed about what theyve written. The last poems I am going to look at are Dulce et Decorum est and anthem for Doomed Youth. Dulce et Decorum est is a war poem written by Wilfred Owen in collaboration with Siegfriend Sassoon. Wilfred Owen was seen as one of the most important war-poets in World War One.He wrote poetry in the trenches and kept a diary. He experienced shell shock after a shell burst ascend him in 1917 and was sent to a military hospital in Scotland called Craiglockhart where he met Siegfried Sassoon. Whilst there, his poetry changed and became more explicit and more didactic in content. The poem is very negative about war. They mention a lot of the effects that war can bring on you like, Drunk with fatigue, which meant that the war was so tiring they were playacting as if they were drunk from the effects.Also, Deaf even to the hoots, means that they were concentrating so hard on the war that they couldnt hear anything at all. The reason for all this negativity is that it was written in 1917, three years after war had broken out so they had had time to see how bad the war is and to construct a poem saying how startlingly horrific it is. Owen does very well at portraying a gas attack, the main event in the poem . The first of these very affectional stanzas is vile, incurable sores. The first word, vile immediately makes your repulsed and moved about the use of this foul language.Another one is gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs. I think this is the worst and most irritating of the three stanzas because corrupted makes you think of how ruined and destroyed this young soldiers lungs must be after inhaling the gas. The last one is watch the white eyes writing in his face. The strongest word in this stanza is definitely writihing. These poetic techniques are in truth vivid because they make you really disgusted at what has happened to these poor soldiers during the war.All these really horrible descriptions of war really hit home the ideas about the bogus patriots, like Jessie Pope, whom the poem is addressed to. The reason for addressing the poem to her is that she stayed at home yet encouraged men to join the army and to go and fight in the war. As well as her it is also addressed to all the soldier poets like Rupert Brooke who glamorised war. This gave the poem more fame than others because most people saw the reception from the other well-known poets that it was aimed at. As well as using a lot of descriptions to describe war he uses continuous verbs like uttering, choking, drowning. This gives you the sense of the war never ending with no hope of going out as after youve read one word youre immediately pounded on with another one. This gives the poem more depth than the actual words written on the page. Also a lot of similes in the first paragraph including, Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, as well as coughing like hags. These also give you the idea that war is a really terrible place to be because things like hags and beggars arent very nice things to be likened to.The soldiers have also not become human because of the war they have aged and become dehumanised. I think that putting the title at the end of the poem rounds off the whole poem b ecause you dont really read those last lines but it gives you time to digest the poem and focus on what you have actually read. In this poem, there is also use of sarcasm and an objective tone because of the people that the poet was directing it to Jessie Pope and other poets just like her. Anthem for Doomed Youth, was written by Wilfred Owen in collaboration with Siegfried Sassoon when they met in Craiglockhart, a military hospital in 1917.They wrote it together relying on each other to adjust bits slightly using both poets skills. The war was reaching its conclusion and poems were beseeming more detailed as four years of war had given them lots to write about. Gruesome injuries, horrific detail and the soldiers own personal accounts modify how poets displayed their words to the reader. The grisly nature of the poem is displayed immediately in the first stanza with the description, What passing-bells for these who die as cattle? This likens deaths of soldiers to that of cattle .If someone dies like cattle it is not going to be a glorious death. The quote also states about how, after a soldiers death, no one will sound church building bells in memoriam of them in the line, What passing-bells This makes the deaths sound unimportant and that nobody cares if a soldier dies. Instead of bells, the only sounds they were likely to get were the monstrous anger of the guns and, the stuttering rifles rapid rattle. This likens the typical funeral noises to that of war. There is also a use of alliteration with rifles rapid rattle It shows how brutal and quick the rifles could fire.They use personification in the choirs of wailing shells. Instead of a choir of church boys singing the soldiers had the wail of an exploding shell. This creates a shocked and surprised mood to the comparison of shells to choir boys. With the line, What candles may be held to speed them all? It questions whether or not anyone cares about the amount of death that is happening. It says th at boys wont care because they are the ones that possibly could go to war in the future. Girls will be the only ones feeling sorry for them and girls brows shall be their pall.Palls are the cloth used to cover coffins so it means that the girls will be the most caring people. Also at the end of the poem, to round the end off, they use a metaphor about death. And each slow dusk a drawing-down of blinds This likens death to the drawing-down of blinds, or in the soldiers context, their eyes closing. This makes the reader feel more accepting of death, it being likened to just drawing down of blinds something that some people do every evening, and there is a sense of finality over this sombre and good ending.In conclusion, my favourite poem was Anthem for Doomed Youth, because it had a very musical background, no prayers nor bells and save the choirs. The poem is a great poem, I think because two poets wrote it together. With two poets working on one poem, they can annotate each othe rs work and make additions to it and change some parts to suit both there own. With all the references to music there is a lot to focus on, however if you can get your head around the poem it is a very emotive and meaningful poem.

Plastic Water Bottles Essay

Specific Purpose To persuade the audience to stop using plastic bottles beca design of the health concerns and its harmful effects on the environment. Introduction How many population know that in the Pacific Ocean theres a huge island consisting of plastic bags, bottles, and even toys thats estimated to be twice the size of Texas? For those you didnt know now you do, environmentalists refer to this island as the Great Plastic Vortex. As plastic use increases, the vortex will only grow more than and more.In 2007 8. billion tons of bottled waters were sold, so the number of plastic water bottles is only increasing and ends up accumulating to the great plastic vortex. We can start parcel the environment by stopping the usage of plastic water bottles. Thesis statement Plastic water bottles are being questioned about their safety to twain our health and our environment as well. Preview Today, we will discuss the problems that come about with plastic water bottles and the causes and solutions to help our health and our environment as well. dust I.There are multiple problems with plastic water bottles, which include danger to peoples health and the harmful effects to our environment. A. Plastic bottles contain a toxin called BPA, which can be a danger to our health. 1. According to Kate Barrett from ABC News, retrieved on April 15, 2008, a report found that exposure to this toxin could moderate effects on spring chicken children and infants by causing changes in the brain development. 2. As we are being exposed to this toxin at younger ages, we stand a higher risk of diseases and health problems. B. There are several ways in which plastic bottles are harmful to the environment.In an article on October 29, 2007 issue of Blast Magazine, Jack bell shape says and I quote plastic generates toxic emissions and pollutants that contribute to global warming. 2. As a result of this, promoting the usage of plastic bottles will only create more chaos to our environment . Transition The problems of the BPAs potential to harm people combined with the dangerous effects of plastic water bottles on the environment can be associated with two main causes, which we will now go into.I. The two specific causes can be identified as consumers ignorance and the producers lack of responsibility.A.Consumers have authentic habits that dont even faze them it is in fact second nature to them. 1. Plastic water bottles are meant for one time use only, even tons of people reuse them. Most of us think using the same bottle again helps the environment as well as saves us money, but it may be costing us our health. 2. According to the Time Magazine, Lisa Cullen says, plastic bottles are meant for disposable and for one time use only. Reusing them causes bacterium to build up, spreading it throughout the mouth. B. The food and drug administration has deemed BPA safe, but studies and research doubt their decision.1.According to the Time Magazine, Bryan Walsh states this toxin might be link up to a variety of diseases, such as cancer and reproductive problems. 2. Even though the FDA has been unintentionally endorsing the use of this chemical, they have been effectively exposing people. Transition Now that we have explored the causes, we examine the solutions we can do ourselves personally.II. Most of the solutions have to do with a little bit of self -effort. A. One solution is to write to the members of congress, the FDA, and/or the regulator to urge for stricter regulations for bottled water labeling, public disclosure, and safety. .The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) recommends writing to producers to display information about whether it has been approved by the Environmental Protection Agency. 2. According to the pictorial resources defense council there approach will be to write about setting strict limits about contamination and bacteria. B. Another solution is to try to use a non-plastic water bottle. It is recommended that people try to change to either stainless steel or aluminum water bottles.Conclusion I. Conclusively, now you are cognizant of the dangers of plastic, more importantly plastic water bottles.With a better understanding of what is causing these problems-consumers ignorance as well as the producers lack of responsibility- we can concentrate on solving this threat. II. As more and more water bottles are disposed, they are only adding to the already giant land fields of plastic bottles. As more and more people drink from water bottles, it is only causing a higher risk for health problems. III. We can take from this as a realization- we involve to start doing our part to help save our environment as well as our health.

Great Memory

reminiscence is the diary that we tout ensemble carry to the highest degree with us is a quote by Oscar Wilde that in my personal opinion describes retrospection pretty well. Memory is something that people carry with them all the time. It is a powerful thing and something that to the highest degree people never pauperism to lose. In some cases memories can be of something good or they can also be a bad repositing. It all depends on how you want to remember it. Samuel Taylor Coleridge talks intimately repositing in one of his verse forms he wrote called Frost at Midnight. Also there is talk about memory in Ode to the West Wind written byPercy Bysshe Shelly. twain of these rimes show how the authors are using their memories to write the pomes. Both writers talk about a memory they nominate and they tell a story using it. Coleridge talks about how he feels now and reflects to how he mat as a child go raising his own child. Shelly talks about how he wishes he felt differ ent now and how he wants to feel deal he did when he was young. Both authors I recollect are sort of depressed. In their poems the tone is kind of melancholy and sad. In Frost at Midnight it is winter time hence the name.And in the winter is when he feels lonelier. The author lives in a cottage and it is very late at night. In the poem he talks about it beingness so quite. In the poem he says The inmates of my cottage, all at rest. Have lett me to that solitude, which suits abstract musings save that at my side my cradled infant slumbers peacefully (as cited in Damrosch, 2004, p. 344). Everyone is asleep tear down his child is sound asleep he is the only one up. And he is starting to feel lonely with all the stillness. The only other thing that is up is a piece of soot in the fire place.As Coleridge says in the poem Only that film, which fluttered on the rate, still flutters there, the sole unquiet thing. Great Memory 3 Me deliberates, its motion in this hush nature gives it dim sympathies with me who live, do it a companionable form (p. 344). This piece of film or soot suffices him think sustain to his childishness. This is where the memory part comes into play. He is thinking back to his child hood. He is thinking about his birthplace, the old church-tower, and the bells of the poor man and thinking about this is making him homesick. Then he talks about how he was a lonely child.In the poem he says save if the door half opened, and I natched a headlong glance , and still my heart leaped up, for still I hoped to enamour the strangers face, townsman, or aunt, or sister, more beloved, my playmate when we two were clothed alike (p. 344). This is when I think that the author is most depressed in this poem. Reflecting back to his childhood makes him sad and feel lonely. Reflecting back on his childhood and how he felt that loneliness he talks later on about how he wants smash for his child. He doesnt want his kid to feel the emptiness and loneliness th at he is feeling and has felt as a child.He says but thou, my babe Shalt wander like a breeze by lakes and sandy shores, beneath the crags of ancient mountain, beneath the clouds, which image in their bulk both lakes and shores and mountain crags so shalt thou see and hear the lovely shapes and sounds intelligible of that eternal language (p. 345). He wants his child to have better childhood than he did. He wants his child to have more and be better than he was a child. He says that he wants all seasons to be bouquet for his child. In this poem he uses his 4 memory to tell a story and he was as a child and how he doesnt was his child to class up feeling like he did as a kid.In Ode to the West Wind Percy Shelly is talking about a storm that is going to hit. In this poem he talks about being weighed down and he wants to be free again. And he feels like this storm will do that for him. In this poem he wants the wind to inspire him to write poetry, and wants new thoughts. The writer d oesnt even so care that this storm is going to hit. He is welcoming it with open arms. The wind is blowing the leaves and clouds and is blowing over the ocean. He wants to be the wind. Memory is talked about in this poem when the talks about how he wants to be ree again.He wants to feel Joy and emotion again. He feels like this storm can do that for him thats why he wants it to come. In the poem he says The impulse of thy strength, only less free than thou, o uncontrollable If even I were as in my boyhood, and could be free the comrade of thy wanderings over heaven, as then, when to outstrip the skiey speed scarce seemed a vision, I would neer have striven (as cited in Damrosch, 2004, p. 401). This says if he was in his boyhood he would be free and as an adult he is not. So that is why he refers to going back to his childhood to be ree again. His childh memory is a g one.And as ne got older ne teels like ne isnt free and wants a free spirit. I think his tone in this is also sad. only when when he talks about his boyhood I think he is feeling better. In both of these poem that I discussed go back to a memory. But however, both of the memories are different. In Coleridges Frost at Midnight the memory he refers to is sad and Great Memory 5 not one that a person wants to remember. He talks about how lonely he was as a child how he hoped he would see someone he knows while he was at school. Every ay he hoped that he would see someone threw the window that he would know.And he hoped that his child would never feel like this. He wanted to make sure his child had better and felt better than he did. In Percy Shellys Ode to the West Wind the memory also goes back to his childhood, but in this poem his childhood was a good time. In this poem he talks about how he wished he was back in his boyhood because was free then. As an adult he doesnt feel free, he feels weighed down. Thats why he wants to storm to come he feels it will make him feel something again. This memory is a happy one. One that a person would want to remember, not like the one is Coleridges Frost as Midnight. In both of these poems I think that there is a common theme of emotion and nature. Both of them describe how they are feeling. One is lonely and one feels no joy. But they both use nature to describe it. Coleridge uses the winter and the frost. And Shelly uses the big storm that is about to his to describe how he feels in the poem. With both of these poem is shows that a memory is not always good or bad, happy or sad. They can be both. And In the two poems I picked to write about the authors, Samuel Coleridge and Percy Shelly, talk about memorys they had.Both of them happen to be different. One is a happy memory and one that he wants to remember. And the other is one that is not so happy, more of a gloomy memory that he doesnt want to remember. Memories are what you make of them. You are the only person who can decide how they are going to be remembered. Great Memory 6 No on e else can tell you how to feel or how to keep things in your memory. Memory is a way of holding onto the things you love, the things you are, the things ou never want to lose From the television show The Wonder Years I think this is a perfect quote for memory.

Analysis of Acid by Titration with Sodium Hydroxide

Stephanie Thao Chemistry 1151 Laboratory Analysis of sour by titration with sodium hydroxide Ms. Hoang November 2012 Introduction The advise of this experiment is to demonstrate an example of how to determine the dark molarity of hydrochloric sulphurous by titration with a base (sodium hydroxide). Titration is a common laboratoryoratory method of quantifiable chemical analysis that is employ to determine the un cognise assimilation of an identified analyte (wekipedia). The first step get out be measuring and combining water and cutting (Hydrochloric cutting).An indicator anthocyanin will be added to the solution to channel the color to pink. Anthocyanin is a water-soluble vacuolar pigment that may appear red, purple, or blue depending on the pH (Wikipedia). This pink color acts as a pH meter and will show a change in color to represent a change in the pH. As the base (sodium hydroxide) is added, the solution will then change color (this is referred to as the stoichiometri c end point). This color change represents the development of pH, as well as showing that the moles of the acid in the solution are equal to the moles of the base (Survey of Chemistry lab manual).Using a dilution equation of M1xV1=M2xV2, the ducking of the hydrochloric acid can be calculated. M1=NaOH(molarity), V1=NaOH(volume), M2=HCl(molarity), V2=HCl(volume). Procedure Instructions for laboratory were found on page 91 of Survey of Chemistry lab manual. All calculations were go off by 2 decimal places for accuracy. Preparation of the indicator required a combination of 50 grams of cabbage with 50ml of ethanol and 20mL of DI water to extract the anthocyanin indicator. This mapping was completed by the instructor and the anthocyanin indicator (cabbage extract) was provided.Then 10mL of hydrochloric acid and 20mL in of deionized water were measured in a graduated cylinder and feature into an Erlenmeyer flask. Pipette 5 to 10 drops of anthocyanin indicator was added to the solutio n in Erlenmeyer flask until the solution change to a pink color. Then the solution was titrated with sodium hydroxide until the solution changed color from pink to blue. The titration of the acid was repeated in three trials. All data and calculations were recorded. Data Tables Solution Table Acid Bottle cipher 9 mental testing 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Final buret reading acid (mL) 9. 1 9. 2 10. 10 mountain of acid utilise (mL) 9. 9. 2 10. 10 Final buret reading NaOH (mL) 26. 30 44. 70 45. 50 Initial buret reading NaOH (mL) 7. 91 26. 30 26. 50 Volume of NaOH (mL) 18. 39 18. 40 19. 00 Concentration of NaOH (M) 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 Molarity of the acid (HCl) 0. 202M 0. 199M 0. 182M Ratio of volume of NaOH used (mL) to volume of acid used (mL) Calculations As previously stated in introduction, code M1xV1=M2xV2 found on page 93 of Survey of Chemistry laboratory manual was used to calculate the concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl). Trial 1 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 18. 39mL (NaOH) M2=Unknow n (HCl) V2=9. mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 39 = M2 x 9. 1 1. 839/9. 1 = M2 M2 = 0. 202M Trial 2 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 18. 40mL (NaOH) M2=Unknown (HCl) V2=9. 2mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 40 = M2 x 9. 2 1. 839/9. 2 = M2 M2 = 0. 199M Trial 3 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 19. 00mL (NaOH) M2=Unknown (HCl) V2=10. 10mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 39=M2 x 10. 10 1. 839/10. 10 = M2 M2 = 0. 182M Average of acid 0. 202 + 0. 199 + 0. 182/3 = 0. 194M = M average Discussion and conclusion This lab was successful in the square-toed color change needed to represent an end point when acid (hydrochloric acid) and indicator anthocyanin is titrated with a base (sodium hydroxide).As stated in the lab manual anthocyanin will go from a color of pink to blue, a pH of seven to eight, where the blue is an indication that acid has been neutralized by the base (Survey of Chemistry lab manual). During this experiment after adding enough sodium hydroxide to the indicator solution the solution changed color to blue, an indication of the stoichiome tric end point. All three trials showed the tight-laced color change. This proved that the color change indicated that the pH level had changed in solution and the amount of base added is chemically equivalent to the acid in the flask.The formula M1xV1=M2xV2 was used to calculate the unknown concentration of hydrochloric acid. The results from the trials showed that the concentration of hydrochloric acid was 0. 2M. The concentration of the two acids should be relatively close in order to cancel distributively other out. It was complicated to compare the two concentrations since the given molarity of sodium hydroxide is in the one decimal place holder, whereas the calculated concentration for hydrochloric acid is in a two decimal place. From the lab it can be concluded that pH indicators can be an imprecise method to calculate the concentration of an unknown concentration.Critical Thinking Questions 1. Trial 1 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 18. 39mL (NaOH) M2=Unknown (HCl) V2=9. 1mL (HCl) 0 . 1 x 18. 39 = M2 x 9. 1 1. 839/9. 1 = M2 M2 = 0. 202M Trial 2 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 18. 40mL (NaOH) M2=Unknown (HCl) V2=9. 2mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 40 = M2 x 9. 2 1. 839/9. 2 = M2 M2 = 0. 199M Trial 3 M1 = 0. 1 (NaOH) V1 = 19. 00mL (NaOH) M2=Unknown (HCl) V2=10. 10mL (HCl) 0. 1 x 18. 39=M2 x 9. 1 1. 839/10. 10 = M2 M2 = 0. 182M 2. 0. 202 + 0. 199 + 0. 182/3 = 0. 194 = M average 3. 0. 08233 0. 194 x 100/0. 08233 = 135. 63 percentage error 4.The main concept of this lab was to calculate the unknown molarity of an acid through titration. 5. Some of the experiment performed was to determine the concentration of an unknown concentration of an acid through titration by adding a second known concentration acid that will react with and cancel the first one. The endpoint of the titration will allows you to calculate the original concentration. 6. The dilution equation of M1xV1=M2xV2 was required to solve for the molarity of the hydrochloric acid where M1=NaOH(molarity), V1=NaOH(volume), M2=HCl (molarity), V2=HCl(volume). . The lab was successful in the properly changing color to represent a stoichiometric end point through titration. The dilution equation was then used to calculate the unknown molarity of one of the acid. The calculated results werent easily compared due to their decimal placing. References Survey of Chemistry lab manual, Chem 1151 Laboratory Experiments 3rd random variable 2011-2012 http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Anthocyanin http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Titration http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Endpoint_%28chemistry%29

Discussing Literary Genre Essay

To define musical style is to embark on a conjectural journey within a suppositious minefield. Genre theory has drawn enormous debate and contemplation throughout literary recital, however, several conclusions have emerged. Genre types argon unfixed categories whose characteristics differ considerably among the specific genres furthermore, the role of literary history plays a significant role in disputeions of genre, for genre types evolve and shift with each new literary text. An approach to the discussion of genre, family resemblances, illustrates similar conventions among texts within a genre, but there are significant problems in this approach.There are several ways to discuss genre, and although problems abound in any approach, the subjective character of the literary experience calls attention to the importance of the interaction between reader and text to provide the final word on genre. Although there is considerable theoretical debate about the definition of specific ge nres, the conventional definition tends to be based on the idea that texts within a genre share special(a) conventions of content and form, such as themes, settings, structure and style.However, the nature of genre leads to several problems inherent in the defining of genres. Certain genres are looser and more open finish in their conventions than other genres and some genres have many conventions while others have very few. Furthermore, literary texts that overlap and mix genres blur the distinction between them. Genres are not discrete systems consisting of a fixed number of list able items. Consequently, the same text can belong to contrastive genres in different countries or times.For example, Latin poets categorized the elegy mainly in terms of its meter, while poets during the English Renaissance regarded the subject matter and tone to be determinate of form. archives and culture play a role in the ever changing status of genres, which are difficult to define because the archetype encompasses so many different literary qualities and conventions that can be broken or accepted, overlapped or mixed. Rather than define genre, some theorists approach the discussion of genre using Ludwig Wittgensteins concept of family resemblances among literary texts.Although a literary text rarely has all the characteristics of a finicky genre, this method involves the discernment of similar conventions among texts within a genre. However, the problem of weft arises, for which texts can claim to be representative of a genre? Moreover, who decides the selection of these texts? The consideration of specific characteristics in literature introduces problems regarding the classification of literary grows. The choice of characteristics interpreted into account is essential to the discussion of genre types .The characteristics of specific genres shift throughout history to accommodate variations in the category that occur the defining characteristics of a particular genre can alter so drastically that the exploratory era in a new genre may not resemble the new(a) literary works in that genre. The works of Edgar Allan Poe, considered to be the father of the modern ill-considered story, show the contrast between the classification of short fiction in the 19th century and today.Poes short story, The Murders in the Rue Morgue, provides suspense and mystery however, the story does not include the main characters moment of consciousness, the key ingredient in classifying modern short stories. Although The Murders in the Rue Morgue does not entail a moment of revelation, the story was regarded as short fiction in 1841. The contrast between early short fiction and the modern short story demonstrates the varying qualities of the genre between its preliminary stages and the present, and shows the substantial transformation which occurred within the genre.The types of genres not only shift throughout history but also alter with each new literary work. The holdfast of generic categories results in further difficulty in defining genre and classifying literary texts, for it demonstrates that generic forms are never fixed entities. Literary theorist Todorov asserts that although every work modifies the sum of possible works we grant a text the right to figure in the history of literature only insofar as it produces a change in our previous notion of one activity or another.Donald Barthelmes The Glass Mountain is an example that expands the notion of short stories the text challenges readers to find meaning and story where there is none. The Glass Mountain influences and increases the possibilities of short stories, while compelling readers to contemplate the role of short stories. Such escort between a literary text and a reader results in the most intriguing and merited discussion of genre. The subjective procedure of defining genre appeals to the relationship between text and reader.Genre provides a framework within which texts are in terpreted, and expectations and emotional outlooks are the individual results of reading literature. The expectations prompted by conventions in a literary text play a large role in the discussion of genre. For example, Mavis Gallants From the Fifteenth District cheats the expectation that arises from the freshman sentence, although an epidemic of haunting (Gallant 115), and surprises readers with the discovery that the story is a reversal of the ghost story.A readers personal interaction with a literary work is decisive of genre, for what we think a genre is and the individuals impression of a literary text often serve to classify a literary work. The individuals response to literature plays a vital role in the discussion of genre, for literary texts are created for an audience of one. The various means to discuss genre provide insightful observations however, significant problems are inherent in these discussions. The constantly changing categories of genre and the emergence of new literary works draw and quarter defining genre a daunting task better left to the individual reader.

Cushing’s Syndrome

Cushings Syndrome is a endocrine disorder take a shitd by the bole tissues being exposed to proud levels of the ductless gland cortisol for a coherent period of time. The distemper is commonly caused by taking corticosteroid medicine in high doses oer an extended period of time. The condition suffer also be caused by the eubstances spare performance of cortisol due to an overactive adrenal gland. It is a rare disease that mostly affects adults among the ages of 20 to 50. Females are more likely to get the disease than males due to an adrenal or pituitary gland tumour. Cushings Syndrome signs and symptoms imply progressive obesity and skin changes.There is rapid gain in the speed body fat deposit along the collar bone and the back of the neck which is often called overawe humps and a rounded face which is referred to as moon face. The skin stretches causing pink or purple stretch marks along the stomach, thighs, breasts, and arms. A wo macrocosm with the syndrome cou ld experience scanty body hairs-breadth growth on their face, neck, chest, stomach, and thighs. It could cause their menstrual cycle to become irregular or stop. A man with the syndrome could experience decreased fertility and erectile dysfunction.Other signs and symptoms include excess sweating, fatigue, muscle weakness, headaches, high rakehell pressure, thinning and fragility of the skin causing it to bruise easily and heal poorly. Other symptoms also include dryness of the skin, acne, weakened bones, cognitive difficulties, and high note sugar which may lead to diabetes. Cushings Syndrome can also cause loss of emotional control which could lead to depression, anxiety, and irritability. The adrenal gland of the endocrine ashes produces a number of internal secretions, including cortisol.Cortisol plays a number of roles throughout the body. It helps with regulating the bodys blood pressure, which keeps the cardiovascular system functioning normal. It helps to react to stress by converting proteins, carbohydrates, and fats into usable energy. The condition can be caused by medication such as prednisone that has the same effects as the cortisol that is produced in the body. A doctor may prescribe this type medicine to patients with inflammatory disease such as asthma, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or to prevent the body from rejecting a transplanted organ.The treatment of these conditions often requires higher amounts of cortisol than the body normally needs in a day. The condition can be caused by your own body producing excess cortisol. This could occur from the excess production of one or both of the adrenal glands of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) which regulates production of cortisol. A benign tumor of the pituitary gland can cause secretion of an excess amount of ACTH, which will, in return, stimulate the adrenal gland to make more cortisol than the body needs.As mentioned previously, the condition occurs more often in women. Urine and bloo d lab tests are performed to measure the hormone levels in the urine and blood. These tests will show if the body is producing an excessive amount of cortisol. Saliva tests are also used by analyzing cortisol levels in salvia collected at night. Normally, cortisol levels rise and move throughout the day, but levels in people without Cushings Syndrome will drop considerably in the evening. imagination tests such as CT or MRI scans can detect abnormalities such as tumors in the pituitary and/or adrenal glands.All of these tests can help a doctor diagnose Cushings Syndrome and rule out other medical conditions. The treatment for Cushings Syndrome depends on what caused the cortisol to be high in the body. The treatment should be designed to lower the high level of cortisol in the body. If the disease was caused by long term exposure to corticosteroids, then the treatment would be reducing the use of corticosteroid. For patients with asthma, arthritis, or other conditions that require medication to manage their illness, doctors can prescribe noncorticosteroid drugs.Surgery is recommended if the disease is caused by a tumor that is present in the pituitary gland, adrenal glands, lungs, or pancreas. If surgery does not remove the tumor completely, radiation therapy is used in conjunction with the operation. Medications such as Nizoral, Lysodren, and Metopirone are prescribed to control production of cortisol when the surgery or radiation therapy doesnt work. The length of recovery depends on the severity and cause of the Cushings Syndrome. Patients should be advised to increase their daily activities slowly due to weakened muscles.They need to be sure that they are eating sensibly and getting enough calcium and Vitamin D to help build up their bones. They need to monitor their mental health because depression can develop due to being overwhelmed or having difficulty coping with recovery. For aches and pains the patient can take hot baths and do low violation exe rcises such as water aerobics. For patient recovery from cognitive difficulties, they can do crossword puzzles or math problems to exercise their brain and help to improve their brain function.

Progressive Presidents Essay

At the start of the 19th century, a red-hot succession had begun that would perpetually change the course of American history. This new era was known as the progressive tense era an era of change amongst the common worker and the powerful giants of industry. Two major leaders that occupied this specific effect in time were Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson. However, these prominent men had contributed much to the efforts of the progressive movement each one had divers(prenominal) personal views that dictated their approach. This paper attempts to compare and contrast these mens progressive ideas a embark on from their actions. We pull up stakes start with Woodrow Wilson, in his inaugural speech, he had addressed changes in the government to show favor towards the best-selling(predicate) Party (Wilson, 1913). Wilson explains, by asserting that the nation desires the Party to interpret and change the nations designs and views. He claims that now the government and the natio ns job are to cleanse and correct the carelessness and ills conveyed closely by the countrys industrialization (Wilson, 1913). Wilson also touches on the matters that need settlement, which extends from the need to adjust the remote tariff, the banking strategy, the industrial scheme, and the agricultural strategy. He also discusses how the government desires to protect its peoples lives with sanitary regulations, unmutilated food regulations, and work regulations. He stresses that there will be repairs in the financial strategy, and that Justice, and only fairness, shall evermore be our motto (Wilson, 1913). With Theodore Roosevelts Progressive platform, he called for the direct election of United States senators, woman suffrage, decline of the tariff, and many social reforms. Roosevelt, who served as the 26th hot seat of the United States from the years of 1901 to 1909,he commenced on an expeditious campaign as the partys presidential candidate. A key point of his platform was the cheering Deal. This was Roosevelts concept of a society based on fair business competition and increase welfare for needy Americans (Bowles, 2011). Despite Wilsons measured successes in labor, child labor, banking, business, and farming reforms during 1914 and 1915, his New emancipation was a disappointment amongst woman and African Americans. In 1916, Wilson began pushing for a multitude of reforms that were in part motivated by the upcoming election. The reforms included the Federal Farm Loan Act, the Adamson Act, the Keating-Owen child laborlaw, and reserve for womens suffrage. After, 1916, Wilson accepted much of Roosevelts New Nationalism, supporting greater federal power and regulation. However, as America soon began sending military to intervene in the war in Europe, this action end his reform ambitions (Roosevelt, 1911). Roosevelt had his successes and failures as well. Roosevelt brought about change in the meat packing industry with the Meat care Act and Pure Fo od and Drug Act, which is due to the work of Upton Sinclair (Roosevelt, 1911). However, like Wilson, he would fail to attain any changes for women and African Americans. This occurred because of growing criticism and his belief in African American inferiority. As for women, he did not bring about their right to vote. It would not be until the ratification of the 19th amendment during Woodrow Wilsons presidentship that the suffrage movement reached its goal (Roosevelt, 1911). When Roosevelts time in office ended, he felt his elect predecessor, Taft, would lead the country and carry on the progressive movement. Throughout his years as president, Roosevelt increasingly disapproved of his methods, and choices. unrivaled of those choices thatangered him was when Taft transferred over 1 million acres to private industry. All this came to a dealer when Roosevelt sought-after(a) to gain the Republican nomination to run for president in the 1912 election, supersedes Taft. However, Roosev elt lost the nomination, and decided to run for president anyway by forming his own party, the Bull Moose Party. Even though Wilson became the president, he stole teeming votes to make sure Taft had no change in winning (Bowles, 2011). For years to come the work, Roosevelt and Wilson in the Progressive era helped to improve American life, business and make it safe and a competitive market. These two presidents met the problems head on created by industrialization and urbanization that the government had not yet addressed. Each of them brought a just about different approach to the concept of trusts, big business, and improving the life of the everyday person, although, they were successful in establishing new precedents in the way which the federal government would regulate these new reforms.

Promote learning and development Essay

Understand the purpose and requirements of the areas of instruction and breeding in the relevant early years cloth1.1. Explain each of the areas of learning and development and how these are interdependent.Personal, social and Emotional DevelopmentChildren essential be provided with experiences and apply which will help them to develop a positive sense of themselves and of others respect for others social skills and a positive disposition to learn. Providers must ensure support for childrens emotional well-being to help them to defy sex themselves and what they can do.Communication, Language and LiteracyChildrens learning and competence in communicating, speaking and listening, being read to and commence to read and write must be support and extended. They must be provided with opportunity and set aheadment to couch on their skills in a range of situations and for a range of purposes, and be supported in developing the federal agency and disposition to do so.Problem solv ing, Reasoning and NumeracyChildren must be supported in developing their instinct of Problem Solving, Reasoning and Numeracy in a broad range of contexts in which they can explore, enjoy, learn, practise and scold ab misuse up their developing discretion. They must be provided with opportunities to practise and extend their skills in these areas and to gain confidence and competence in their mapping.Knowledge and understanding of the worldChildren must be supported in developing the knowledge, skills and understanding that help them to make sense of the world. Their learning must be supported through offering opportunities for them to employment a range of tools safely encounter creatures, people, plants and objects in their natural environments and in real-life situations undertake practical experiments and organize with a range of materials.Physical DevelopmentThe forcible development of babies and young children must be further through the provision of opportunities fo r them to be active and interactive and to improve their skills of coordination, control, manipulation andmovement. They must be supported in using all of their senses to learn round the world around them and to make connections between impudently information and what they already know. They must be supported in developing an understanding of the importance of physical body process and making healthy choices in relation to food.Creative DevelopmentChildrens creativity must be extended by the provision of support for their curiosity, exploration and play. They must be provided with opportunities to explore and conduct their thoughts, ideas and feelings, for example, through a variety of art, music, movement, dance, imaginative and role-play activities, mathematics, and design and technology.It is important to remember that these six-spot areas of learning do not work in isolation but are in fact interlinked. Good tone activities will cover more than one area of development. For example, allowing children to access the outdoors will not solely support their physical development, but advertise their communication and exploration of their environment. Where a child experiences a bar in one area, it is likely to limit their learning and development in the other fivea child with cerebral palsy who experiences hand-eye coordination difficulties is likely to find completing a puzzle difficult thereof hindering her problem solving, reasoning and numeracy. It is therefore vital that settings recognise each childs idiosyncratic gets and plan holistically in order to help children achieve their full potential across the six areas of learning. 1.2. Describe the documented outcomes for children that form part of the relevant early years framework.These are the goals and targets for children to meet throughout early years, for example communication language and literacy linking sounds. These are documented through observations that are carried out by their key per son through day to day, which they then just to develop childrens development with carrying out contrastive activities and adapting or changing them for an individual needs. 1.3. Explain how the documented outcomes are assessed and recorded. Planning for childrens development starts with observations in order to find out the childs previous knowledge, their interests and needs. at that place are many forms of observations that can be carried out to allow us to collate the evidence we need to plan bewitchly for the individual child.Each method of observation has advantages and disadvantages of recording the childs development, so it is important to custom a variety of methods of observation for each child to gain holistic knowledge and understanding of the childs development. In our workplace we do this when activities are taking place observations to advert if the child is meeting their development with the six areas of learning and development and to see how they can help to concord their learning and development. In our workplace we fill in forms regularly for each activity that meets the outcomes. We change activities regularly so children can progresss according to age. These forms are stored and accessed by keyworkers when doing a childs progression plan. 2. Be satisfactory to plan work with children and support childrens participation in planning 2.1. Use different sources to plan work for an individual child or group of children. ceremonial2.2. Engage effectively with children to encourage the childs participation and involvement in planning their own learning and development activities. remark2.3. Support the planning cycle for childrens learning and development.OBSERVATION3. Be able to promote childrens learning and development according to the requirements of the relevant early years framework. 3.1. Explain how practitioners promote childrens learning within the relevant early years framework. Practitioners promote childrens learning within t he guidance of the EYFS by offering a balanced of child initiated and adult led play based activities, practitioners will use their own guidance on the age and stage of the child using their knowledge that they have on the children that they care for and decide on the correct balance, however we should realise the amount of time that is already taken up with adult led activities such as registration, lining up, snack time, circle time. We should ensure that the like balance should be applied outdoors as well as indoors. Child initiated means a child that engages on a self chosen activity and is allowed to play freely. The adult led activity is usually a group of children that participate with adult support, the activity is chosen by the adult.Theadult would have picked the time and the aspect of a particular topic. This could be sewing as a child sooner needs help to achieve this and gradually the adults involvement will decrease in time. Organisation and management making sure t hat we provide opportunities to extend play for children, key worker trunk is in place for legal and responsibility of learning and development of each child, thinking about to the children use the space indoors/outdoors, observation and planning system which meets individual needs and interests. We have a real good balance of adult and child led play we try for a 50% we review childrens interests by observations and asking the children what they would like in the planning and what activities they would like to do that day.Sensitive discussion is trying to intervene without disrupting or changing the focus on the play. Watching to see if the child wants you to participate or not, so enhancing play but not taking ownership of the play away from the child. musical accompaniment and facilitating when you have a positive relationship with the children they will seek your help doing roughlything like building dens they power need materials and resources or helping them nark their aim. Modelling when children watch an adult they great power try to stupefy that action by repeating actions, words or skills. Coaching children do and learn more when tending(p) encouragement and support of an adult by making a child feel confident they might try to do or develop something a little further this is linked to the Vygotsky theory (Core 3.1) of proximal development getting children to do something just outside their comfort range.3.2. Prepare, set out and support activities and experiences that encourage learning and development in each area of the relevant early years framework.OBSERVATION4. Be able to engage with children in activities and experiences that support their learning and development 4.1. Work alongside children, engaging with them in order to support their learning and development.OBSERVATION4.2. Explain the importance of engaging with a child to support sustained shared thinking. Using a topic a child is really interested in can allow for sustained sh ared thinking it can be talking about something or doing something which encourages conversation like we have done planting with ourchildren this has really captured their imagination the children are talking about what they think seeds are going to grow into what happens as the plants grows, what might the plant produce. We are getting the children to reach conclusions, and explore concepts at a deeper level. The children are thinking about processes and are making connections to things they have already learnt and new information. Processing the information we have given them making them think.4.3. Use language that is accurate and appropriate in order to support and extend childrens learning when undertaking activitiesOBSERVATION5. Be able to review own practice in supporting the learning and development of children in their early years. 5.1. devise on own practice in supporting learning and development of children in their early years.OBSERVATION5.2. Demonstrate how to use refl ection to make changes in own practice.OBSERVATIONReflective account natural covering observations 2.1 2.3 5.1 and 5.2 While at work I organised an activity for all the children to do cooking. We were making pansy cakes. Before the activity the children chose what they wanted on their fairy cakes and went got this from the Tesco opposite our work. Some children got butter and icing and others got chocolate and smarties there was a variety if things that each children chose. To help the young people do the activity we printed a recipe sheet out and also a sheet with pictures for those young people who cannot read some children needed help with the activity more than others.The children did mixing with electric mixers and some used a whisk. We put the cakes in the oven for 20minutes we then waited for the Cakes to cool. We decorated them with the things we bought from Tesco the children had lots of fun. We have done this activity beforeand after reflecting on this I think the child ren are getting better with mixing the cake mixture and decorating the cakes. If I was to do this again I would do everything the same but do it regularly so the children learn the step by step making of cakes.

Studies in Maltese Architecture

Surveies in Maltese architectureThe Manoel sign of the zodiacjpg/640px-Manoel_theatre_%2812843882153%29.jpg src=https//s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/aaimagestore/essays/1463861.001.jpgThe Manoel dramatic art, or as norm solelyy referred to in the Maltese linguistic communication, Teatru Manoel , is one of the most of signification and chief(prenominal) memorials shacking in Malta since it a really antiquated star sign amongst the other few in all of Europe. This orbit stretches back to the eighteenth century when it was inaugurated in January of 1732 in the bosom of Valletta, which means it has survived a dour period of histories and now it rules within it a heritage which is unreplaceable and alone.Dating back to the azoic old ages of the eighteenth century, the Grandmaster of the Order of Malta at that press cutting was Grandmaster Antonio Manoel de Vilhena. As a swayer, he planned and constructed assorted military machine and civil edifices, much(prenominal)(prenominal ) as the garrison in Marsamxett know as Fort Manoel. Fortunately, at that clip, the Grandmaster started to bow out theatrical prevalent presentations by the Italian knights of the Order of St. John ( in their hostel ) , every procedure good as a Maltese group that employ to routine comedies and musical enjoyment, ( in the corresponding hostel ) or so of which were rather successful. Therefore Grandmaster Antonio Manoel de Vilhena brand up a foundation (Fondazione Manoel) which decided to misdirect 2 dramaturgys in Strada del Carmine, now known as Triq it-Teatru l-Antik , at the cost of 2,186scudiso that a newborn field of study could be built at this location.Francois Mondion is said to hold been one of the senior designers employed by Grandmaster Vilhena, that knowing and built the new house, unless there is mute doubt and uncertainness unioning who the existent designer of the theater was. On the 16th of March 1731, build started on site which was of an count ry of 94.5 square chiffonieres, which was a Maltese unit of measuring employ at that clip and consequences to about 414 m? . Since more old ages concur passed since the twenty-quartette hours it was built, the aesthetics, frontage and form are without any uncertainty different from what had been originally constructed in 1732. However, it can still be pointed out that there is a great chance that it might hold been influenced by two theaters in Palermo at that clip. Besides, it is clear that the original form of the auditorium was in the signifier of a U, existence described ( by De Lucca and Tonna ) as jolly retrograde for its clip, with the degree be projected by two consecutive sides.The modern-day papers Cabreo Vilhena describes the interior dispense of the theater as it was formatted originally, holding a jibe of 39 boxes and a cavity furnished with benches. The boxes were divided into three grades the first grade being used by the grandmaster s pages the 2nd grade w as used by the grandmaster and his cortege and the 3rd grade was known as the Gods where the seats are rather high and distant from the mannequin. A figure of appliances and machines used to do scenes even more than God level and spectacular where found on the same degree of the Gods grade.The Manoel Theatre was and still is a theater which maps like many others with some of its parts being the wings and background, every routine good as a shop room for the lamps that illuminated the auditorium . The wing is the country and portion of the phase which is used by the performing artist to fix to come in and is in addition used as a storage infinite for set scenery and proficient equipment. Obviously, this portion of the theater is masked by legion long curtains for privateness. On the other manus, the background was the background to any scene of a phase set. Manoel Theatre as well as had the chief entryway the phase a little room for invitees (saletta) a corridor in the si gnifier of a U-shape and a basement found below the phase. As can be seen by the exposure of the original frontage of the theater below, two olympian pillars flanked the front door and supported the balcony to a high place it. The whole Manoel Theatre was surprisingly finished and completed later(prenominal) a speedy 10 months.At the early times of Manoel Theatre s startup, the Baroque manner was booming and at its highest point in Europe. Architecture was non the lone of import factor during churrigueresque clip but other factors should be considered. perform humanistic disciplines such as opera house itself were going really of import during this clip and could be categorize into two partsopera seria andoperabuffa . This means that great humanity presentations and composings were expected to come with this new theater, besides with the reaching of noted composers.The 19th of January 1732 marked an of import day of the month for the Manoel Theatre since the first public p resentation was held on this day. Merope ( as it was called ) depicted calamities of that century and was acted by the Italian knights of the Order themselves as a mark of regard and baronial work chosen for the startup of the theater. Following this public presentation, were two comedies travel by the name of Il Giocatore Disperato and Don Pilone . Besides, other public presentations were held during this clip, largely comedies, but unluckily their name are unknown so non much information is available about them. It is of import to observe that from such early times the theater started to be used for other activities such as a locale for carnival balls. During the regulation of Vilhena, there are no more histories of theatrical composings and public presentations but we do hold the memoirs of Carlo Goldoni which do give us an thought of how it felt like to be in the Manoel Theatre. rate to Vilhena s regulation was Despuig who neer attended the theater for his ain grounds, but af ter him there was the right on Grandmaster Manoel de Pinto Fonseca who was so in love with theater and public presentation humanistic disciplines that three yearss after he was elected he attended an opera at the theater. It is cardinal to retrieve that during the eighteenth century Manoel Theatre was one of the really few topographic points where the knights and certain types of people could be entertained. Priests were besides acute on keeping their ain public presentations and dramas, even though at these times they merely accepted work forces to go to their dramas. Grandmaster Pinto de Fonseca went to the theater for the last clip at the age of 92 demoing the great love and regard he had for this type of art.Giovanni Artuffo presented and introduced legion operas by three different composers in the early 1750s. All of their plants were esteem by the knights and the Maltese people ( less sophisticated but still enthusiastic about the opera itself ) . Just one or really few non- operatic plants were performed during this period. It is besides noteworthy that the old ages 1768-70 a great(p) female was pre appendptuousness the impresa which happens really seldom, in fact she was the lone adult female to be given such power during that century. Besides, a few old ages subsequently Natale Marini made a curriculum and divinatory account of the theater s interior and phase since the theater was under uninterrupted wear but there is no record demoing renewing work. This century marks the debut of a immature endowment fund Nicolo Isuoard who was set to go one of Paris most popular composers of amusing opera subsequently on.In 1796 the Gallic arrived and took over Malta, and Napoleon expelled the Order of St. John from Malta in 1798, so the theater had been leased to tetrad individuals. The invasion of the French caused some immediate jobs since the Italian vocalists and instrumentalists organizing portion of the opera of Manoel Theatre were obliged to ride out in Malta, so they wanted an addition in their pay. The monetary values and rewards which were making the jobs were shortly resolute and taken attention of. In September 1798, Nicolo Isouard was appointed commissioner for theatre whilst Pietro Paolo Muscat became the exclusive showman as he bought all the portions. During this period, Manoel Theatre was confronting a batch of jobs and was at a clip of crisis, with the attending at the theater most likely worsening since the vocalists were non being changed and the fort started to lose involvement. With all these debatable postulate of affairss, Isouard was kept busy most of the clip seeking to happen a solution to pause the aver of affairs.In 1799 the theater got involuntarily conglomerate in a atrocious episode in Maltese history when the Maltese were be aftering to assail and scupper the Gallic within the walls of Valletta itself. Manoel Theatre got involved in the narrative because Vaubois ordered Isouard to set on a show on a Friday ( a twenty-four hours when no operas or comedies were of all time performed ) to move as a distraction for the Gallic. However, the program was discovered and several plotters were executed in the square in forepart of the Magisterial Palace. By the early 1800s, the Italian company had had plenty and did non desire to execute any longer, and so the theater was forced to fill up with the going of the Italians from Valletta. Manoel Theatre was so reopened and a important event occurred when it was decided that a Maltese play group was to execute on a regular basis inside the theater. This was rather a important measure in Maltese history. In 1800, the Gallic were driven to a point where they could non shack in Malta any longer, ( with the aid of the British ) so they decided to go forth, taking with them Nicolo Isuardo who was regarded as a two-timer and neer to return to Malta.After helping to throw out the Gallic, the British found themselves crowned head of the Malte se Islands. Unfortunately, during the going of the Gallic and the early 1801, no public presentations seem to hold taken topographic point inside Theatre Manoel but at least it was surely used for the organisation of balls since Aeneas Anderson tells us that he attended a public ball at the opera house House during this period. Italian opera is reintroduced one time once more and the public presentations are described as great amusement with merely a few little jobs. Besides the fact that non everyone could come in the theater or take his topographic point was acquiring on some people s nervousnesss.In 1812, George Whitmore of the munificent Engineers was to reconstruct the edifice exhaustively, to increase the figure of boxes and to adorn the full edifice in a modern, innocent and elegant manner . Oakes and Whitmore had a big influence on the aesthetics of the theater as it is directly since they did hole and alteration rather a batch of parts. In fact, the tallness of the edi fice was raised higher with a new roof being built, the floor of the cavity was re-laid, the brackets were removed and the boxes were opened up for better visibleness, and a 4th grade was added. Besides, the dressing suites for performing artists was increased and the phase enlarged. This resulted in the auditorium holding an oval form, which is still present with that same form presents.The British made sure to re-introduce theprotettore, which was occupied by a citizen of high standing, and the besides reintroduced the system of naming an showman, with the first showmans being three. Showmans had rather a unsteady concern with the hazard of hardly doing any money since they had provide amusement and public presentations all the clip by means ofout the whole twelvemonth. These apart from holding to pay the rent, had to engage vocalists and terpsichoreans to come to Malta which could take to economical battles. In fact, during 1817-18 the fundss for Manoel Theatre were so bad that both the rent and the admittance monetary values were reduced.The immature British officers, as were the knights, needed to utilize the free clip they had, so for some of them theatre was their interest. We do hold histories of information about legion dramas in English which were held at the Manuel Theatre such as the celebrated workThe Clandestine Marriageby Colman and Garrick. The nineteenth century besides marks another of import milepost in homegrown Maltese play because dramas started to be performed in Maltese linguistic communication as described by the British officer Anderson. The first full length drama was called Caterina, ix-Xbejba tal-Irdum . Opera, on the other manus, was deemed as more of import during the British regulation, it was the reigning genre. The figure of new operas to be performed per twelvemonth settled at four and bothopera seriaandopera buffaperformed in the early decennaries. A figure of vocalists were so loved and respected a batch by the audience as were Camilla Darbois and Lorenzo Del Riccio amongst some others, to the point that they ended up settling in Malta ( as they were inappropriate ) . One should besides retrieve that during their reign, Manoel theater was used for a figure of great occasions as was done for the return of Governor Sir Thomas Maitland.Subsequently along the nineteenth century, Manoel Theatre had become such a load on the authorities because of showmans and the fact that the theater was now an aged edifice with likewise many fixs to be done, it was agreed that a new opera house ( The Royal Opera house ) was to be built. This led to the Manoel Theatre falling into private custodies when Anacleto Conti decided to purchase Mifsud s half portion and go the exclusive proprietor. By 1866 the Royal Opera House was ready to be used and Manoel Theatre ready to be abandoned for good. Manoel Theatre was besides stripped from its rubric ( Theatre Royal ) and named after the Grandmaster Antonio Manoel de Vilhen a. Between 1866 and 1873, Manoel Theatre had its ruin, it was hardly used and when used merely for dramas by Maltese amateurs. Since it was hardly used, no care, fixs or renovating were done and it continued to deteriorate.In 1873, a calamity occurred in Valletta when the Royal Opera House was unluckily destroyed and beyond fix. At least from this calamity, Malta regained back a forgotten treasure, that is the Manoel Theatre. Since operas and dramas desperately needed a moderately good topographic point to be performed, what better pick was at that place than the Manoel Theatre? Conti ( the proprietor of the theater ) could non believe his fortune when his theater started to be used and after some clip besides repaired. What really did salvage the theater from traveling downhill for good was the new genre of theater, called operetta . Since Manoel Theatre had long been unused as a proper theater, its proprietors had to do a figure of efforts at re-establishing it as an opera house . Fortunately, they managed to set up the theater for a figure of seasons and the plants started to increase, wherefore taking to a successful and verificatory season.In 1882, Arpa decided to buy the Manoel Theatre from Conti and after some clip realized that something had to be done to vie with the Rjal, so many fixs and redecorations were undertaken. On a positive note, Manoel Theatre had some really successful seasons at the terminal of the 1880s, one of the most of import dramas beingBirichino Al Teatro . After some old ages, Arpa could non pay back the financess he borrowed from G. Gollcher, and so Gollcher decided to take legal actions and purchase the theater himself. The Gollchers did do some few changes and redecorations for the better since they managed the theater themselves for several more old ages.The MADC, which is a popular play group that formed in 1910 with the amalgamation of two groups of play, used to execute a batch in Manoel Theatre and inspired many other g roups. In the ordinal century,Romanticismo was repeated a figure of times in the theater and after some clip Manoel Theatre besides became a film but unrecorded theater was non banished. The Second World War did somewhat decelerate down Manoel Theatre, but surprisingly composings were still being shown and people were still go toing the theater to be entertained.The Maltese Government, at that clip Malta Labour Party, decided to purchase back Manoel Theatre so as to continue it and its historical heritage. When the theater was acquired, Vera Lindsay and Richard Southmen were commissioned to give recommendations on the resurgence of the Manoel Theatre. Numerous sum of alterations and changes had to be done so refurbishment started instantly. In 1960 the first Manoel Theatre direction commission was set up and they had to do certain that the gap would be a genuinely great one. Fortunately, the gap was a successful event.Presents, Manoel Theatre has continued to populate up to its out looks and better since it continues to expose many theatrical productions and public presentations both in the Maltese and English linguistic communication, with opera being basically of import, play, dancing, musical shows, and the yearly MADC Christmas dumb show. The Manoel Theatre has been home to countless famous persons and astonishing endowments such as Joseph Callejla, Boris Christoff, Louis Kenter, John Neville and many others. The theatre direction commission president right now is Michael Grech and the deputy president Kenneth Zammit. The theater besides has a museum ( which shows the history of the topographic point ) , and a gift store. It is astonishing to see that this theater managed to survived through all these old ages, all this history shacking within merely one edifice. It has such great built-in value, non merely to us but besides to the whole of Europe, that it should be taken attention of and preserved for the hourlong clip possible.

What Are the Problems with the Uk’s Party System, and How Might They Be Resolved?

What be the problems with the UKs troupe transcription, and how might they be closured? This audition will break up the ch entirelyenges and problems UK troupe system is facing. The essay will look into frequent apathy and mis self-assertion, resulting in low ships company membership and low electoral participation. The main demarcation is that semipolitical parties do not ask strong enough incentives to connect with electors. Proposals to resolve these problems will be changing electoral system, further limiting donations to the political parties and banning their trade activities, forcing much ideological changes and showing strong real actions to ignite the political debates.As we all know, UK political system is dominated by main two political parties, wear upon and Conservatives. Historically, most of the elections, apart from few exceptions, resulted in wizard political party forming the goernment whilst early(a) party creation in opposition. Throughout the history, British political parties enjoyed large memberships and enthusiastic support from all sections of macrocosm during the elections. Voters were more politically aw be and energetic in political life. British Election Studys survey in 1964 showed that three quarters of population had strong or fair affiliation with a political party (Pattie & Johnston, 2007, p. ). In 1950s Labour had 1 million members while conservatives had 2,800,000 (Fieschi, 2006, p. 143) However, political parties lost the trust and support of ordinary. rank of parties is at uncomparable low. According to the recent study, only 2 percent of voters in the UK atomic number 18 party members (Beetham, Blick, Margets, & Weir, 2008, p. 42). People finish from voting in general elections, the trend observed especially amongst young voters. Pressure groups and lobbyists are gaining more influence and political parties are increasingly getting disconnected from the general public.Latest MPs expenses scandal d ramatically reduced the trust in politicians. The trend is not unique to Britain. Other European states observe the same decline in public participation. Therefore, many analysts declared that the age of cumulus party membership is over (Beetham, Blick, Margets, & Weir, 2008, p. 42). But what are the reasons that the political parties lost the trust of public? It is not sure that concourse are not interested in political relation anymore. Mass mobilisation of cross-party protests against the war in Iraq is the biggest example that politics shut away plays important part in publics life.Almost all of the works and researches done on the subject of declining of party politics agree on one thing- the electoral system in the UK and subsequent two party system that results from it is the main obstacle for parties to engage with public. The argument is, political parties only concentrate on swing voters and taking the safe votes for granted (Pattie & Johnston, 2007, p. 7). However, Br itain always had a two party system with FPTP. So, why parties did not concentrate on marginal swing voter areas before?The explanation given by commentators is that Britain used to be divided into two poles conservative traditionalists and prod work class. But now, most of the population is more or slight middle class and establish moved to the centre (Garner & Kelly, 1998, pp. 255-256). Therefore, people have marginalised their party or ideological identities. This argument does not study ground, as although political parties remediateed greatly, the membership of both parties still declined. But this is because voters dont square up the difference between parties and are confused the critics say.But, is it not exactly what the two political parties used to be having two distinct ideologies? Yet, membership is declining in both cases. So, one might think that it is inevitable for party membership and influence to diminish on the face of social developments in the UK. Howeve r, there is another explanation. Commentators are right to point out to parties only concentrating on swing voters. However, while before, party largely depended on their grass-root support and mass membership, political leaders tried to be independent from their supporters.Many laws were passed amid the opposition of most of the party members. Even the reforms of the Conservatives under William Hague could not produce effective democratisation of the party. Today, both parties are still centralised. Parties just dont need the support of their members anymore, as parties can only focus on minority of voters and still win the elections. The argument of inevitability of party support declining in the face of emanation middle class is also weak. Labour party did manage to almost double its membership in 1997 with the drive to heal more members (Whiteley, 2009, p. 249).However, once Labour came to power, party became more preoccupied with governing, and snub grassroots party (Whitele y, 2009, p. 249). The conclusion from above analysis is that, given the right incentives, parties are able to recruit members. But political parties are more concerned with winning elections and harmoniseing office, and not concentrating on representing the people (Copus, Clark, Reynaert, & Steyvers, 2008, p. 6). But how could political parties do it? Do they not depend on members and supporters at least(prenominal) financially to survive? Well, this brings us to the second publicise-the party funding.It is only natural that parties did suffer financially with the decline in membership. However, all of the major parties managed to find wealthy donors to compensate for the loss (Jones, Kavanagh, Moran, & Norton, 2007, p. 196). Apart from that, political parties have ready ways of generating money through trade, although at the moment it constitutes only minority of their budget (Granik, 2005). The issue of party funding through wealthy individuals have been and still remains a co ntroversy. The funding scandals in both main political parties triggered the need to review their funding and expenditure.Following Neill Committee answer for, drastic changes were introduced, including declaration of donations over ? 5,000, banning the donations from foreign donors, capping the expenditure in general elections at ? 20 million and controls over spending on referendum campaigns (Jones, Kavanagh, Moran, & Norton, 2007, p. 196). Even before Neill Committee report, in 1976 and 1981 Houghton and Hansard Society reports respectively, proposed political parties being state funded (Garner & Kelly, 1998, p. 202). No action was taken by ruling Labour on Houghton report and Conservatives rejected Hansard Society report (Jones, Kavanagh, Moran, & Norton, 2007, p. 96). Proponents of the state funding claim that parties, like military or police are vital public bodies, therefore they need to be subsidised by taxpayer. It will also remove the reliance on donors, thus removing th e undesired influence (Jones, Kavanagh, Moran, & Norton, 2007, p. 197). However, those arguments are weak. Although, it is true that the state funding might reduce the dependance on donors, it also removes the incentives for parties to recruit more members, thus stopping them further from engaging the people during inter-election times.Provided the public trust in political parties and politicians being record low, it will further raise the suspicions of the public, especially by and by the expenses scandal. The resolving is not state funding, but limiting donations even further. Large donations from interested businesses and individuals should not be just declared, but banned altogether. Parties should be forced to, once again, rely on their members for funding. The claim that political parties are public bodies is untrue. They are voluntary bodies. Political parties are only good if they are pop off for purpose, i. e. eing a link between a government and public. When they are successful in this task, they gain trust of public and their membership will soar. This automatically will solve their funding problems. Coming back to the issue of electoral system, most of the public agree that the FPTP is the most unjust type of representative system available. It is do worse by current decline in party allegiance among the population. FPTP is also unfair to small parties. While major parties get disproportionately large amount of seats to the votes they received, for smaller parties it works the other way around.A more proportionally representative voting system will result in more parties competing in general elections, with new parties created to contest the elections. This competition will not only go parties to engage with public, as noted earlier, but also make people more politically active during the elections. Supporters of FPTP system say that it provides strong and effective government, while PR system likely to produce hanged parliaments and dubio us coalitions. But political parties themselves are coalitions of many views, thats why public is faced with non stopping rifts at heart the parties.Furthermore, coalitions can be persuaded to work with each other successfully, as it is the case in many European countries. Initially, labour government were committed to electoral reforms, with the promise of referendum on the issue in 1997 manifesto. A ten dollar bill later, 2007 government green paper on constitutional reform had only one line, informing that electoral reform is still under revision (Brown & Straw, 2007, p. 46). This uncertainty and not delivering promises further alienates voters. In 2009 Britain, a scarily large proportion of UK voters feel effectively disenfranchised says John Ward of Guardian (Ward, 2009).One of his proposed solution to representation problem is reducing the power of party whips. He says that reduction of power of whips is absolutely subjective if backbench idleness, disillusionment and cyni cism are to be curbed and the executive controlled. Those few still in touch the likes of Kate Hoey, David Davis, Dennis Skinner and graham Brady are popular because they understand widespread concerns (respectively) about rural life, personal liberty, uncompromising values and educational aspiration (Whiteley, 2009). Problem of parties being too strict is actually good for their discipline.However, over the years one sees that the whip system is been abused to great extends, thus taking away the independence of politicians. There is a problem of people lacking political information. People lacking the political information are less likely to participate in politics. In 2006 Joseph Rowntree Trusts antecedent Report was published, where the issue was set amongst many others. In the report, the solution proposed was The citizenship curriculum should be shorter, more practical and result in a qualification. (Power Report, 2006, p. 204).As Power report admits, the curriculum has many flaws. It is unlikely that curriculum makes any significant doctor on young peoples political participation. Therefore, political parties themselves should engage in educational activities. They should hold more meetings and rallies, explaining people why to vote and why to vote for them. Political parties should re-think their methods of appealing to public. Emphasis should be given to enlarging their membership and engaging with public. Rather than being a vote-calculating machines, they have to re-establish their clear ideological stands. human race disillusion with what they are voting fore can only be resolved with party philosophies and ideologies being distinct. They also have to find the ways of re-gaining public trust. For that, they need more action rather than words. Radicalism is absent in modern day politics. Mass rallies, public speeches are being replaced by appearances on mass media and point scoring PR campaigns. Of course, all the symptoms mentioned above are interconnected, so it would be wrong to analyse each separately and come to a negative conclusion. But we believe that old-fashioned traditional politics can work if politicians commit themselves more.If parties reform, they make their positions stronger, with respect and trust vested in them by public. Failure to reform will eventually lead to their doom. Bibliography Beetham, D. , Blick, A. , Margets, H. , & Weir, S. (2008, February). Power and Participation in Modern Britain. Retrieved November 11, 2009, from Democratic Audit http//www. democraticaudit. org/ transfer/PP_lowres. pdf Brown, G. , & Straw, J. (2007, July). The Governance of Britain (CM 7170, Green Paper on constitutional reforms. Retrieved November 11, 2009, from Official-Documents http//www. official-documents. gov. k/document/cm71/7170/7170. pdf Copus, C. , Clark, A. , Reynaert, H. , & Steyvers, K. (2008). Minor Party and breakaway Politics beyond the Mainstream Fluctuating Fortunes but a Permanent Presence. Parl iamentary Affairs , 621, 4-18. Fieschi, C. (2006). How British Parties Lost Our Favour. Parliamentary Affairs , 601, 143-152. Garner, R. , & Kelly, R. (1998). British political parties today (2 ed. ). Manchester Manchester University Press. Granik, S. (2005). Invisible Business The unregulated World of Political Party Commerce. Politics , 252, 89-98. Jones, B. , Kavanagh, D. , Moran, M. & Norton, P. (2007). Politics UK (6 ed. ). Harlow, New York Pearson Education. Mehdi, H. (2009, September 29). Do politicians outlet? Retrieved November 15, 2009, from Guardian http//www. guardian. co. uk/commentisfree/2009/sep/29/labour-conference-politicians-least-trusted Pattie, C. , & Johnston, R. (2007). Power to the People through Real Power and True Elections? The Power Report and Revitalising British Democracy. Parliamentary Affairs , 602, 1-26. Report, P. (2006). Power to the People. York Power Enquiry. Ward, J. (2009, October 16). MPs have forgotten how to represent us.Retrieved November 1 1, 2009, from Guardian http//www. guardian. co. uk/commentisfree/2009/oct/16/mps-representation-constitutional-reform Whiteley, P. (2009). Where Have All the Members Gone? The Dynamics of Party Membership in Britain. Parliamentary Affairs , 62 2, 242-257. 1 . This years Ipsos Mori poll suggests that the politicians are the least trusted group of professionals, with only 13% of public trusting them. This is the lowest percentage politicians received in this poll in 26 years (Mehdi, 2009). 2 .For example Labour abandoning clause 4 and modernising the party 3 . Interesting to note that, although Conservative party was always associated with rich class and electorate dominated by working class, the party was always able to win the elections, gaining at least a third of working class. Especially during inter war periods Conservatives were the most favourite party in inter-war period (Garner & Kelly, 1998, p. 56) . This reinforces our thesis that opposite ideologies could be overcom e by concentrating in recruiting more grassroots party members. 4 . For example, Poll levy of Conservatives, war in Iraq, 5 . The newly created policy forum to discuss the policies and national party conventions are only advisory and it became harder to challenge the leadership of the Conservative party (Jones, Kavanagh, Moran, & Norton, 2007, p. 287). 6 . Under this system, most of the votes are wasted. As we have observed before, parties take safe seats for granted and only campaign in swing constituencies. Public, on the other hand, knowing that their vote would not make a difference, abstain from voting. 7 . Evidence suggests that more competitive the elections, more people cast their vote (Pattie & Johnston, 2007, pp. 5-7).